This page contains the NCERT Informatics Practices class 12 chapter 5 Internet and Web from the book Informatics Practices. You can find the solutions for the chapter 5 of NCERT class 12 Informatics Practices, for the Exercise Questions in this page. So is the case if you are looking for NCERT class 12 Informatics Practices related topic Internet and Web question and answers.
EXERCISE
1. Fill in the blanks:
a)
To transmit data for sharing on a network, it has to be divided into smaller chunks called . (Packets)
b)
The set of rules that decide the functioning of a network is called . (Protocols – In LAN, the protocol/set of rules is called Ethernet)
c)
A LAN can be extended up to a distance of km. (1 km)
d)
The connects a local area network to the internet. (Router)
e)
The topology is of hierarchical nature. (Tree)
f)
is a standard naming convention used for accessing resources over the Internet. (URL – Uniform Resource Locator)
g)
is a collection of related web pages. (Website)
h)
A is a computer that provides services to other programs or computers. (Web Server)
2. Expand the following:
a)
ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Avency Network)
b)
ISP (Internet Service Provider)
c)
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
3. Name the device for the following:
a)
It stands for Modulator Demodulator (Modem)
b)
It regenerates the signals. (Repeater)
4. Differentiate between:
a)
MAN and WAN
b)
Website and web page
c)
Router and Gateway
d)
Bus and Star topology
e)
Static and Dynamic web pages
a) MAN and WAN
•
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Covers a city/town, can be extended up to 30–40 km.
•
WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers a very large area (country/continents). Internet is the largest WAN.
b) Website and Web page
•
Web page: A document on WWW viewed in a browser.
•
Website: A collection of web pages related through hyperlinks, saved on a web server, under one domain name.
c) Router and Gateway
•
Router: Receives data, analyses it, and transmits it to other networks; connects LAN to the Internet.
•
Gateway: Connects an organisation’s network with the outside world (Internet).
d) Bus and Star topology
•
Bus: All devices connect to a single common cable (bus).
•
Star: All devices connect to a central node (hub/switch) using separate cables.
e) Static and Dynamic web pages
•
Static: Same content for everyone; server just sends the page (no extra processing).
•
Dynamic: Content can change (may use database/date/time/weather, etc.); server does extra processing.
5. Define a network. What is the need of forming a network?
A computer network is an interconnection of two or more computers/devices so they can share data and resources.
We form networks
•
to share resources (like printer/storage), and
•
to communicate/exchange information (email, websites, audio/video calls, etc.).
6. Give any two examples of networks.
Examples of networks:
•
Social Network
•
Mobile Network
•
Network of computers, etc.
7. Give any three applications on the Internet.
Three applications on the Internet:
•
World Wide Web (WWW).
•
Email
•
Chat
•
VoIP
(Any three of the above)
8. Name any two mail service providers.
Two mail service providers:
•
Gmail
•
Yahoo Mail
•
Outlook/hotmail
(Any two of the above)
9. Explain VoIP.
VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) allows voice calls over the Internet (Internet telephony). It converts voice signals into digital form and sends them using the network.
10. What is DNS?
DNS (Domain Name System) is a system that translates domain names (like www.example.com) into IP addresses (like 192.168.1.1) so computers can locate and communicate with each other on the Internet. In othewords, DNS (Domain Name System) maps a domain name to its IP address. When you type a website address, DNS finds the correct IP and sends the request to that server.
11. Identify the type of topology from the following:
a)
Each node is connected with the help of a single cable. (Bus topology)
b)
Each node is connected with central switching through independent cables. (Star topology)
12. Sahil, a Class X student, has just started understanding the basics of Internet and web technologies. He is a bit confused in between the terms “World Wide Web” and “Internet”. Help him in understanding both the terms with the help of suitable examples of each.
Internet
World Wide Web (WWW)
Definition
The global network of interconnected computers/devices.
A huge collection of interlinked web pages/resources that are accessed through the Internet.
Examples
Using Internet for email, chat, VoIP, etc.
Opening websites like eduxir.com / amazon.in pages in a browser.
13. Murugan wants to send a report on his trip to the North East to his mentor. The report contains images and videos. How can he accomplish his task through the Internet?
Depending on the convenience
•
Murugan can use Email and send the report as an attachment (image/video files can be attached).
•
Alternatively, he can use cloud storage services (like Google Drive, Dropbox or One Drive) to upload the report and share the link with his mentor via email or messaging apps.
•
Depending on the size of the report, he can also use services like whatsapp or telegram to share the files.
14. Mampi is planning to open a company that deals with rural handicrafts. She wants to advertise about handicrafts on a social platform. Which Internet service she should use and why?
Mampi can use Social Networking Services/Social Media platforms (like Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, or Pinterest) to advertise her rural handicrafts. These platforms have a large user base and allow targeted advertising, which can help her reach potential customers interested in handicrafts. Additionally, social media allows for visual content sharing, which is ideal for showcasing handicraft products.
15. Ruhani wants to edit some privacy settings of her browser. How can she accomplish her task?
1.
Ruhani can open the browser’s settings menu (usually accessible via a gear icon or three dots in the top right corner).
2.
Then she can look for a “Privacy” or “Security” section within the settings menu.
3.
And then she can select the specific privacy options she wants to modify (e.g., cookies, location access, etc.).
16. Shubham wants to play a video in his browser but he is not able to do so. A message on the screen
instructs him to install the Adobe Flash Player plug-in. Help him to add it in his browser.
instructs him to install the Adobe Flash Player plug-in. Help him to add it in his browser.
Shubham can follow these steps to install the Adobe Flash Player plug-in:
1.
Open the browser and go to the official Adobe Flash Player download page.
2.
Click on the “Download” button to download the installer file.
3.
Once downloaded, open the installer file and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation.
4.
After installation, restart the browser to enable the Flash Player plug-in.
Earlier, you could install/enable the Flash Player plug-in from official sources and manage it via browser add-ons/plug-ins. But today Adobe Flash is discontinued (no support after 31 Dec 2020) and browsers block it, so you usually cannot play Flash content in modern browsers.
Best solution: Use a website/app version that supports HTML5 or updated video formats instead of Flash.
17. When Joe typed a URL in the address bar of his browser, Error 404 was displayed? Why did this happen? What can be done to avoid it?
Error 404 indicates that the requested web page/resource could not be located on the web server. This can happen for several reasons:
•
The URL was typed incorrectly (typo).
•
The web page has been moved or deleted.
•
The server is down or experiencing issues.
To avoid Error 404:
•
Double-check the URL for typos before submitting.
•
Use bookmarks or search engines to find the correct page. Or use the website’s home page and navigate via links.
•
If you are the website owner, ensure that all links are updated and that pages are not deleted without proper redirection.