Project Based Learning

import os
from datetime import datetime

# ----------------------------
# File names (plain text files)
# ----------------------------
MENU_FILE = "menu.txt"
BILLS_FILE = "bills.txt"
LAST_ORDER_FILE = "last_order.txt"

# ----------------------------
# Utility functions (simple)
# ----------------------------
def ensure_menu_file():
    # If menu file does not exist, create a small default menu
    if not os.path.exists(MENU_FILE):
        f = open(MENU_FILE, "w")
        f.write("I101|Salad|120\n")
        f.write("I102|Soup|90\n")
        f.write("I103|Sandwich|150\n")
        f.write("I104|Juice|80\n")
        f.close()

def load_menu():
    # Returns menu as dictionary: code -> (name, price)
    ensure_menu_file()
    menu = {}
    f = open(MENU_FILE, "r")
    for line in f:
        line = line.strip()
        if line != "":
            parts = line.split("|")
            code = parts[0]
            name = parts[1]
            price = float(parts[2])
            menu[code] = (name, price)
    f.close()
    return menu

def save_menu(menu):
    # Saves full menu back to file
    f = open(MENU_FILE, "w")
    for code in menu:
        name = menu[code][0]
        price = menu[code][1]
        f.write(code + "|" + name + "|" + str(price) + "\n")
    f.close()

def display_menu(menu):
    print("\n--- MENU ---")
    print("Code   Name       Price")
    for code in menu:
        name = menu[code][0]
        price = menu[code][1]
        print(code + "  " + name.ljust(10) + "  " + str(price))
    print("------------\n")

def get_today_date_str():
    # Date string used in unique bill id
    return datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

def get_next_order_number():
    # Order number starts from 1 every day
    today = get_today_date_str()
    last_date = ""
    last_no = 0

    if os.path.exists(LAST_ORDER_FILE):
        f = open(LAST_ORDER_FILE, "r")
        data = f.read().strip()
        f.close()
        if data != "":
            parts = data.split("|")
            last_date = parts[0]
            last_no = int(parts[1])

    if last_date != today:
        order_no = 1
    else:
        order_no = last_no + 1

    # Save today's last order number
    f = open(LAST_ORDER_FILE, "w")
    f.write(today + "|" + str(order_no))
    f.close()

    return order_no

def append_bill_line(bill_id, date_str, order_no, items_text, total):
    # Bills file line format:
    # bill_id|date|order_no|items|total
    f = open(BILLS_FILE, "a")
    f.write(bill_id + "|" + date_str + "|" + str(order_no) + "|" + items_text + "|" + str(total) + "\n")
    f.close()

def read_all_bills():
    bills = []
    if not os.path.exists(BILLS_FILE):
        return bills
    f = open(BILLS_FILE, "r")
    for line in f:
        line = line.strip()
        if line != "":
            bills.append(line)
    f.close()
    return bills

def write_all_bills(lines):
    f = open(BILLS_FILE, "w")
    for line in lines:
        f.write(line + "\n")
    f.close()

# ----------------------------
# Customer section
# ----------------------------
def customer_place_order():
    menu = load_menu()
    display_menu(menu)

    cart = {}  # code -> qty
    while True:
        code = input("Enter Item Code (or type DONE to finish): ").strip()
        if code.upper() == "DONE":
            break
        if code not in menu:
            print("Invalid Item Code. Try again.")
            continue

        qty_str = input("Enter Quantity: ").strip()
        if not qty_str.isdigit():
            print("Quantity must be a number.")
            continue

        qty = int(qty_str)
        if qty <= 0:
            print("Quantity must be >= 1.")
            continue

        if code in cart:
            cart[code] = cart[code] + qty
        else:
            cart[code] = qty

    if len(cart) == 0:
        print("No items selected. Order cancelled.")
        return

    # Calculate bill
    total = 0.0
    items_parts = []
    print("\n--- BILL ---")
    for code in cart:
        name = menu[code][0]
        price = menu[code][1]
        qty = cart[code]
        amount = price * qty
        total = total + amount
        print(code + " " + name + " x " + str(qty) + " = " + str(amount))
        # store items as code:qty for saving in file
        items_parts.append(code + ":" + str(qty))

    order_no = get_next_order_number()
    date_str = get_today_date_str()
    bill_id = date_str.replace("-", "") + "-" + str(order_no)  # unique id: date + order no
    print("Order Number: " + str(order_no))
    print("Bill ID: " + bill_id)
    print("TOTAL = " + str(total))
    print("-----------\n")

    items_text = ",".join(items_parts)
    append_bill_line(bill_id, date_str, order_no, items_text, total)

    print("Bill saved successfully (soft copy stored in bills.txt).")

# ----------------------------
# Manager section
# ----------------------------
def manager_menu():
    menu = load_menu()

    while True:
        print("\n--- MANAGER OPTIONS ---")
        print("1) View Menu")
        print("2) Add Menu Item")
        print("3) Update Menu Item")
        print("4) Delete Menu Item")
        print("5) Delete Order (by Bill ID)")
        print("6) Sales Summary Report (by Date)")
        print("7) Extra Report: Most Sold Item (by Date)")
        print("0) Logout")

        choice = input("Enter choice: ").strip()

        if choice == "1":
            display_menu(menu)

        elif choice == "2":
            code = input("Enter new Item Code: ").strip()
            if code in menu:
                print("Item code already exists.")
                continue
            name = input("Enter Item Name: ").strip()
            price_str = input("Enter Price: ").strip()
            try:
                price = float(price_str)
            except:
                print("Invalid price.")
                continue
            menu[code] = (name, price)
            save_menu(menu)
            print("Item added.")

        elif choice == "3":
            code = input("Enter Item Code to update: ").strip()
            if code not in menu:
                print("Item code not found.")
                continue
            name = input("Enter new Name: ").strip()
            price_str = input("Enter new Price: ").strip()
            try:
                price = float(price_str)
            except:
                print("Invalid price.")
                continue
            menu[code] = (name, price)
            save_menu(menu)
            print("Item updated.")

        elif choice == "4":
            code = input("Enter Item Code to delete: ").strip()
            if code not in menu:
                print("Item code not found.")
                continue
            del menu[code]
            save_menu(menu)
            print("Item deleted.")

        elif choice == "5":
            bill_id = input("Enter Bill ID to delete: ").strip()
            lines = read_all_bills()
            new_lines = []
            found = False
            for line in lines:
                if line.split("|")[0] == bill_id:
                    found = True
                else:
                    new_lines.append(line)
            write_all_bills(new_lines)
            if found:
                print("Order deleted.")
            else:
                print("Bill ID not found.")

        elif choice == "6":
            date_str = input("Enter date (YYYY-MM-DD): ").strip()
            lines = read_all_bills()
            total_sales = 0.0
            total_orders = 0

            for line in lines:
                parts = line.split("|")
                b_date = parts[1]
                b_total = float(parts[4])
                if b_date == date_str:
                    total_orders = total_orders + 1
                    total_sales = total_sales + b_total

            print("\n--- SALES SUMMARY for " + date_str + " ---")
            print("Total Orders: " + str(total_orders))
            print("Total Sales : " + str(total_sales))
            print("-----------------------------------")

        elif choice == "7":
            # Extra report: Most sold item (by quantity) on a given date
            date_str = input("Enter date (YYYY-MM-DD): ").strip()
            lines = read_all_bills()
            qty_map = {}  # code -> total qty

            for line in lines:
                parts = line.split("|")
                b_date = parts[1]
                items_text = parts[3]
                if b_date == date_str:
                    items = items_text.split(",")
                    for it in items:
                        p = it.split(":")
                        code = p[0]
                        qty = int(p[1])
                        if code in qty_map:
                            qty_map[code] = qty_map[code] + qty
                        else:
                            qty_map[code] = qty

            if len(qty_map) == 0:
                print("No orders found for this date.")
            else:
                # find max
                max_code = None
                max_qty = -1
                for code in qty_map:
                    if qty_map[code] > max_qty:
                        max_qty = qty_map[code]
                        max_code = code
                item_name = "Unknown"
                if max_code in menu:
                    item_name = menu[max_code][0]
                print("\n--- MOST SOLD ITEM for " + date_str + " ---")
                print("Item Code: " + max_code)
                print("Item Name: " + item_name)
                print("Quantity : " + str(max_qty))
                print("-----------------------------------")

        elif choice == "0":
            print("Logging out...")
            break

        else:
            print("Invalid choice.")

def main_restaurant_app():
    while True:
        print("\n===== STAY HEALTHY RESTAURANT SYSTEM =====")
        print("1) Customer Login")
        print("2) Manager Login")
        print("0) Exit")
        choice = input("Enter choice: ").strip()

        if choice == "1":
            customer_place_order()
        elif choice == "2":
            pwd = input("Enter manager password: ").strip()
            # Simple password for learning purpose
            if pwd == "admin123":
                manager_menu()
            else:
                print("Wrong password.")
        elif choice == "0":
            print("Thank you. Bye!")
            break
        else:
            print("Invalid choice.")

# Run the program
main_restaurant_app()

===== STAY HEALTHY RESTAURANT SYSTEM =====
1) Customer Login
2) Manager Login
0) Exit
Enter choice: 1

--- MENU ---
Code   Name       Price
I101  Salad       120.0
I102  Soup        90.0
I103  Sandwich    150.0
I104  Juice       80.0
------------

Enter Item Code (or type DONE to finish): I101
Enter Quantity: 2
Enter Item Code (or type DONE to finish): I104
Enter Quantity: 1
Enter Item Code (or type DONE to finish): DONE

--- BILL ---
I101 Salad x 2 = 240.0
I104 Juice x 1 = 80.0
Order Number: 1
Bill ID: 20260209-1
TOTAL = 320.0
-----------

Bill saved successfully (soft copy stored in bills.txt).

import random
import os
from datetime import datetime

LOG_FILE = "minesweeper_log.txt"
BEST_FILE = "minesweeper_best.txt"

ROWS = 6
COLS = 6
BOMBS = 6

def create_board(rows, cols, fill):
    board = []
    for r in range(rows):
        row = []
        for c in range(cols):
            row.append(fill)
        board.append(row)
    return board

def place_bombs(rows, cols, bombs):
    # Store bomb positions in a set for quick checking
    bomb_set = set()
    while len(bomb_set) < bombs:
        r = random.randint(0, rows - 1)
        c = random.randint(0, cols - 1)
        bomb_set.add((r, c))
    return bomb_set

def count_adjacent_bombs(r, c, bomb_set):
    count = 0
    for dr in [-1, 0, 1]:
        for dc in [-1, 0, 1]:
            if dr == 0 and dc == 0:
                continue
            nr = r + dr
            nc = c + dc
            if 0 <= nr < ROWS and 0 <= nc < COLS:
                if (nr, nc) in bomb_set:
                    count = count + 1
    return count

def display_visible(visible):
    print("\n   1 2 3 4 5 6")
    print("  -------------")
    for r in range(ROWS):
        line = str(r + 1) + "| "
        for c in range(COLS):
            line = line + str(visible[r][c]) + " "
        print(line)
    print("  -------------")

def save_log(result, moves):
    # Save game result in a log file
    dt = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    f = open(LOG_FILE, "a")
    f.write(dt + " | " + result + " | moves=" + str(moves) + "\n")
    f.close()

def load_best_moves():
    if not os.path.exists(BEST_FILE):
        return None
    f = open(BEST_FILE, "r")
    data = f.read().strip()
    f.close()
    if data == "":
        return None
    return int(data)

def save_best_moves(moves):
    f = open(BEST_FILE, "w")
    f.write(str(moves))
    f.close()

def minesweeper_game():
    bomb_set = place_bombs(ROWS, COLS, BOMBS)
    visible = create_board(ROWS, COLS, "#")  # hidden cells
    opened = set()
    moves = 0

    safe_cells = ROWS * COLS - BOMBS

    print("Minesweeper (6x6) started. Bombs = 6")
    print("Enter row and column (1 to 6). Example: 2 4")

    while True:
        display_visible(visible)

        user_in = input("Enter row col (or type EXIT): ").strip()
        if user_in.upper() == "EXIT":
            print("Game ended by user.")
            save_log("EXIT", moves)
            break

        parts = user_in.split()
        if len(parts) != 2:
            print("Invalid input. Please enter two numbers like: 2 4")
            continue

        if (not parts[0].isdigit()) or (not parts[1].isdigit()):
            print("Row and column must be numbers.")
            continue

        r = int(parts[0]) - 1
        c = int(parts[1]) - 1

        # Exception handling for range
        if r < 0 or r >= ROWS or c < 0 or c >= COLS:
            print("Out of range. Enter values from 1 to 6.")
            continue

        if (r, c) in opened:
            print("This cell is already opened.")
            continue

        moves = moves + 1
        opened.add((r, c))

        if (r, c) in bomb_set:
            visible[r][c] = "B"
            display_visible(visible)
            print("Boom! You clicked a bomb. Game Over.")
            save_log("LOSE", moves)
            break
        else:
            clue = count_adjacent_bombs(r, c, bomb_set)
            visible[r][c] = str(clue)

            # Win check: opened safe cells
            if len(opened) == safe_cells:
                display_visible(visible)
                print("Congratulations! You cleared the board safely.")
                save_log("WIN", moves)

                best = load_best_moves()
                if best is None or moves < best:
                    save_best_moves(moves)
                    print("New best score (least moves): " + str(moves))
                else:
                    print("Best score (least moves) is: " + str(best))
                break

# Run the game
minesweeper_game()

Minesweeper (6x6) started. Bombs = 6
Enter row and column (1 to 6). Example: 2 4

   1 2 3 4 5 6
  -------------
1| # # # # # #
2| # # # # # #
3| # # # # # #
4| # # # # # #
5| # # # # # #
6| # # # # # #
  -------------
Enter row col (or type EXIT): 2 4

   1 2 3 4 5 6
  -------------
1| # # # # # #
2| # # # 1 # #
3| # # # # # #
4| # # # # # #
5| # # # # # #
6| # # # # # #
  -------------
Enter row col (or type EXIT): 6 6
Boom! You clicked a bomb. Game Over.

import random
from datetime import datetime
import os

SCORE_FILE = "match_sum_scores.txt"

def display_cells(cells):
    # Show 15 cells with positions
    print("\nCells:")
    line_pos = ""
    line_val = ""
    i = 1
    while i <= 15:
        line_pos = line_pos + str(i).rjust(2) + " "
        i = i + 1
    i = 0
    while i < 15:
        val = cells[i]
        if val == "":
            val = "."
        line_val = line_val + str(val).rjust(2) + " "
        i = i + 1
    print(line_pos)
    print(line_val)

def shift_left_one_step(cells):
    # Shift digits left by ONE step into empty space (simple and matches "shift left by one cell")
    i = 0
    while i < 14:
        if cells[i] == "" and cells[i + 1] != "":
            cells[i] = cells[i + 1]
            cells[i + 1] = ""
        i = i + 1

def has_empty_cell(cells):
    i = 0
    while i < 15:
        if cells[i] == "":
            return True
        i = i + 1
    return False

def insert_new_digit(cells):
    # First do a left shift by one step (as per requirement)
    shift_left_one_step(cells)

    # Insert new digit in the rightmost cell IF it is empty
    if cells[14] != "":
        return False  # cannot insert, game ends
    d = random.randint(1, 9)
    cells[14] = str(d)
    return True

def save_score(removed_count, turns):
    dt = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    f = open(SCORE_FILE, "a")
    f.write(dt + " | removed=" + str(removed_count) + " | turns=" + str(turns) + "\n")
    f.close()

def match_sum_game():
    cells = [""] * 15
    removed_count = 0
    turns = 0

    print("Match the Sum Game started (Goal: make sum = 10 using 2 or 3 digits)")
    print("Rules: digits appear on right side, digits shift left, you pick positions to remove if sum is 10.")

    while True:
        # If no empty, we cannot insert a digit -> game ends
        if not has_empty_cell(cells) and cells[14] != "":
            print("\nNo empty cell to insert a digit. Game Over.")
            break

        input("\nPress Enter to generate next digit...")  # simulates time interval
        ok = insert_new_digit(cells)
        turns = turns + 1

        if not ok:
            print("\nNo empty cell to insert a digit. Game Over.")
            break

        display_cells(cells)

        choice = input("Enter 2 or 3 positions separated by space (or type SKIP): ").strip()
        if choice.upper() == "SKIP":
            continue

        parts = choice.split()
        if len(parts) != 2 and len(parts) != 3:
            print("Please enter exactly 2 or 3 positions.")
            continue

        # Validate positions and calculate sum
        pos_list = []
        valid = True
        for p in parts:
            if not p.isdigit():
                valid = False
                break
            pos = int(p)
            if pos < 1 or pos > 15:
                valid = False
                break
            pos_list.append(pos - 1)

        if not valid:
            print("Invalid positions. Use numbers from 1 to 15.")
            continue

        # Check if those cells have digits
        total = 0
        for idx in pos_list:
            if cells[idx] == "":
                print("One selected cell is empty. Try again.")
                valid = False
                break
            total = total + int(cells[idx])

        if not valid:
            continue

        if total == 10:
            # Remove those digits (make cells empty)
            for idx in pos_list:
                cells[idx] = ""
            removed_count = removed_count + len(pos_list)
            print("Correct! Sum is 10. Digits removed.")
        else:
            print("Sum is " + str(total) + ". Not equal to 10, so nothing removed.")

    save_score(removed_count, turns)
    print("\nYour score saved in match_sum_scores.txt")
    print("Total digits removed: " + str(removed_count))
    print("Total turns: " + str(turns))

# Run the game
match_sum_game()

Match the Sum Game started (Goal: make sum = 10 using 2 or 3 digits)
Rules: digits appear on right side, digits shift left, you pick positions to remove if sum is 10.

Press Enter to generate next digit...

Cells:
 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15
 .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  7
Enter 2 or 3 positions separated by space (or type SKIP): SKIP

Press Enter to generate next digit...

Cells:
 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15
 .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  7  3
Enter 2 or 3 positions separated by space (or type SKIP): 14 15
Correct! Sum is 10. Digits removed.